Adenomyosis with adenomyoma

Adenomyosis with adenomyoma is a special type of endometriosis, which is mainly characterized by the invasion of endometrial tissue into the myometrium and the formation of tumor-like structures. The following is a detailed analysis of the disease:

Adenomyosis with adenomyomas usually requires a combination of treatments, depending on the severity of symptoms and the patient's reproductive needs.

Adenomyosis with adenomyomas can be caused by a variety of factors. Abnormal hormone levels are a common cause. Excessive estrogen levels can stimulate the growth of endometrial tissue toward the myometrium. Multiple pregnancies and deliveries may cause damage to the myometrium, creating conditions for endometrial tissue invasion. Uterine surgical procedures such as cesarean section and induced abortion may damage the anatomy of the uterus. Genetic factors may also increase risk. When the immune system is dysfunctional, it may not be able to effectively clear ectopic endometrial tissue.

1. Drug treatment

For patients with mild symptoms or those who wish to preserve fertility, medical treatment may be considered. Commonly used medications include gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists such as leuprolide, which temporarily lower estrogen levels. Oral contraceptives such as drospirenone and ethinylestradiol tablets regulate the menstrual cycle. NSAIDs such as ibuprofen extended-release capsules can relieve pain symptoms. The levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system releases progesterone locally. Traditional Chinese medicine preparations such as Guizhi Fuling Capsules also have certain auxiliary therapeutic effects.

2. Surgical treatment

When medical treatment is ineffective or the lesions are large, surgical treatment needs to be considered. Adenomyomectomy is suitable for localized lesions. Endometrial ablation destroys ectopic endometrial tissue. Uterine artery embolization shrinks the lesion by blocking its blood supply. Hysterectomy is a curative option for patients with severe symptoms who have no desire to have children. Laparoscopic surgery has the advantages of less trauma and faster recovery.

3. Symptoms

Typical symptoms include progressively worsening dysmenorrhea, which often changes in intensity with the menstrual cycle. Increased menstrual flow may lead to anemia, which may manifest as fatigue, dizziness, etc. Some patients experience prolonged menstrual periods or irregular menstrual cycles. Pelvic pressure or bloating is also common. Infertility or recurrent miscarriage may be the first manifestation in some patients.

4. Diagnostic methods

Gynecological examination may reveal uniform enlargement of the uterus or localized bulge. Ultrasonography, especially transvaginal ultrasonography, is the imaging method of choice. Magnetic resonance imaging can show the extent of the disease more clearly. Serum CA125 levels may be slightly elevated. The final diagnosis depends on pathological examination.

5. Daily management

Maintaining a regular schedule helps regulate endocrine balance. Moderate exercise such as yoga and walking can improve pelvic blood circulation. Avoid overexertion and mental stress. Keep warm during menstruation and use a hot water bottle to apply heat to your lower abdomen. Eat more iron-rich foods such as lean meat and animal liver to prevent anemia.

It is recommended that patients undergo regular gynecological examinations and monitor changes in their condition. During the treatment period, medication should be used according to the doctor's instructions and the dosage should not be adjusted by yourself. If abnormal vaginal bleeding, severe abdominal pain, etc. occur, you should seek medical treatment promptly. For patients with fertility needs, it is recommended to choose an appropriate treatment plan under the guidance of a doctor. Maintaining a good mental state is also important for recovery from illness.