What does first aid and emergency health training include

The core of the compliant first aid and emergency health training on the market is based on the logical design of "saving lives first, then reducing injuries, and preventing secondary injuries". It is far from being as simple as just learning cardiopulmonary resuscitation as everyone thinks.

When I worked as a volunteer lecturer on the street two years ago, I met many residents who signed up and said, "I just want to learn CPR, and I don't need to teach anything else." Three months later, an aunt's grandson got a throat problem after eating jelly. She only thought about feeling her pulse to see if she needed to apply compressions, and completely forgot about the Heimlich maneuver. Fortunately, the nurse from the social welfare downstairs passed by, so nothing serious happened. Later, she came back to me to learn how to deal with common foreign body obstructions.

In fact, among the commonly used content, cardiac arrest treatment is indeed the most common part, but it is not as simple as just teaching chest compressions. How to judge whether there are risks of electric shock or falling objects around, whether you can move the injured at will, how to quickly judge consciousness and breathing, what is the difference between the compression depth and posture of children, pregnant women, and obese people, and how to operate the AED (Automated External Defibrillator) without electrocuting yourself. These are all contents that need to be practiced repeatedly. After all, if you are actually on the field, you may almost go wrong.

In addition to such big life-and-death scenarios, more training time will actually be spent on handling small accidents that everyone is likely to encounter in daily life. For example, if you encounter someone suffering from heat stroke while walking in the park in the summer, should you pour ice water on the person's head or move to the shade first and untie the collar? Last time in the business district, a young man met an aunt suffering from heat stroke and went up to him and gave her an iced Coke. As a result, the aunt choked on her and started coughing violently, and she almost fainted. There are also things like how to stop bleeding when cutting vegetables without getting infected, how to get a rabies vaccine if you are scratched by a stray cat, whether to rub or ice your sprained foot first, and whether to apply toothpaste and soy sauce to a burn. Many of these "common senses" that people usually think are correct are wrong, and they will be clarified one by one in the training.

Another aspect that many people tend to overlook is risk prediction and secondary harm avoidance. To put it bluntly, don’t let yourself get into trouble first, and then save others. For example, if you encounter someone who gets an electric shock, you cannot directly reach out and pull him out. Last year, a young man at a construction site rescued a co-worker who was electrocuted. He did not take any precautions and started to rescue the workers. Both of them were seriously injured by the electric shock. How to cover your mouth and nose correctly in the event of a fire, whether you can take the elevator in high-rise buildings, and what to do if you are on a low floor or a high floor during an earthquake. These contents may not seem so "technical", but in case of emergency, you can save yourself and the lives of those around you first.

There are also some issues in the industry that are not yet fully unified, such as whether the general public should learn how to use a tourniquet. One group of people believes that the general public has not received long-term professional training, and binding it in the wrong position or for too long can easily lead to ischemia and necrosis of the limbs. It is better to just teach compression to stop bleeding; another group of people thinks I feel that in cases of severe arterial bleeding such as car accidents and knife wounds, ordinary compressions cannot stop it. Learning to use a tourniquet correctly can save you golden life-saving time. Nowadays, formal training generally explains both views clearly, and then teaches the standard tourniquet operation method, allowing students to make their own judgment based on the on-site situation.

We have been doing training for so long. In fact, I feel that the most valuable thing is not how many operating skills we have been taught. It is to let everyone not panic when encountering unexpected situations. Many problems that are not serious at first will become serious if they operate in a panic. In fact, more than 90% of people can make calm judgments and follow what they have learned.