Summary of lectures on hypertension prevention and health knowledge

Hypertension has never been a "chronic disease" exclusive to the elderly. People over the age of 18 should have their blood pressure measured at least once a year, control their daily salt intake within a reasonable range, and do 150 minutes of moderate-intensity exercise every week. If these three things are done in place, the risk of the disease can be reduced by more than 60%. Regardless of whether there is a family genetic history, after the age of 30, you should put blood pressure monitoring into your regular health list. Don't wait until you feel dizzy and have a headache before you think of taking a test.

Not to mention that this lecture really brought up a lot of questions that I usually don’t pay attention to. Within 10 minutes of the opening, Xiao Zhou, a 28-year-old programmer sitting in the front row, raised his hand and said that his systolic blood pressure during the physical examination last week was 142 mmHg, and he weighed only 110 pounds. He doesn’t smoke or drink normally, so why is his blood pressure high? The lecturer, Director Wang from a community hospital who has been managing chronic diseases for 12 years, pointed out his question directly: “Do you stay up until two o’clock every day before going to bed? Drink double concentrated iced American style every day? ”After getting a positive answer, she explained that many young people think that they are safe if they are thin and have no bad habits. In fact, long-term sympathetic nerve excitement (staying up late, long-term stress, excessive intake of caffeine), blood vessels are always in a state of contraction, and blood pressure has been quietly rising. Clinically, the proportion of borderline hypertensive patients under the age of 30 has reached 20%. It is really not alarmist.

Oh, by the way, regarding the question that everyone is most concerned about, "how many grams of salt should be controlled?", this lecture did not provide a one-size-fits-all standard answer. Now there are two different guidance directions in the academic community: for ordinary people who live at home and do not exercise much, the daily 5g recommended by the WHO Salt (about the amount of a beer bottle cap) is indeed applicable, but if you usually do outdoor high-temperature work, or do high-intensity exercise for more than an hour every day, and you sweat a lot and lose sodium quickly, there is no need to stick to the 5g standard. Eating 1-2g more can prevent hyponatremia. There is also the low-sodium high-potassium salt that has been very popular recently. Director Wang also specifically mentioned: For people with normal kidney function, replacing this salt can indeed help control blood pressure. However, people with chronic kidney disease or who are taking potassium-sparing antihypertensive drugs must not use it. If blood potassium rises too quickly, it will be dangerous.

In the past, many people around me believed that "eating celery and drinking Panax notoginseng powder can replace antihypertensive drugs." This time I also talked about this misunderstanding. Director Wang said that she has encountered too many patients in clinical practice who were diagnosed with high blood pressure and secretly stopped taking medicines and took folk prescriptions. Some of them ended up suffering from strokes and were hospitalized. However, this does not mean that these dietary treatments are completely useless: if you are only in the borderline high blood pressure range (systolic blood pressure 1 30-139mmHg, diastolic blood pressure 80-89mmHg), the diagnosis has not yet reached the standard, eat more high-potassium celery and bananas, and avoid heavy oil and salt. After 3 months of adjustment, the blood pressure may return to the normal range, and there is no need to take medicine at all. To put it bluntly, it is "diet therapy for prevention. Once the diagnosis is confirmed, taking medicine according to the doctor's advice is the first priority." Don't reverse the order.

There was also an aunt at the scene who asked a very interesting question. She said that her husband had inherited high blood pressure, and her son’s blood pressure was just at the critical level at the age of 35. Can he take antihypertensive drugs in advance to prevent it? Director Wang did not give an accurate answer on this issue, saying that there are currently two schools of thought in the academic community: one school believes that for people with a clear family history and whose blood pressure has been at critical values ​​for a long time, taking antihypertensive drugs in small doses can delay the onset of disease and reduce the risk of long-term complications. ； The other group believes that as long as the diagnosis criteria are not reached, lifestyle adjustments should be given priority. Taking medicine will impose an additional metabolic burden. In the end, whether to take it or not must be determined by a doctor for a complete cardiovascular risk assessment. Do not buy medicine privately.

Many people were still complaining after the show, saying that they usually work 999 hours a day, so how can they have time to go to the gym? Director Wang laughed at that time and said that there is no need for a gym. You get off the bus two stops before get off work and walk for 20 minutes. Get up to get water and stretch every hour at work. A total of 30 minutes of exercise every day is much more useful than a 3-hour surprise run on weekends. She is 52 years old. She walks downstairs in the hospital for 20 minutes every noon and her blood pressure has been very stable.

At the end of the show, I saw Xiao Zhou turn off the 2 a.m. game reminder on his phone on the spot. Aunt Zhang in the back row was also telling her husband to put less sauce in cooking in the future. In fact, the prevention of high blood pressure is complex and complex, and simple and simple. It just means don’t treat it as “other people’s disease” and don’t scare yourself. Check your blood pressure twice more and spend less useless nights. It’s more effective than a health gift box that costs thousands of dollars.

Oh yes, one last reminder from the community: next week community hospitals will measure blood pressure for residents free of charge, and chronic disease doctors will also conduct free risk assessments. Anyone who has time can go and take a look.