What is the reason for the black spots on the glans?

Dark spots on the glans may be related to factors such as pigmentation, trauma, post-inflammatory pigment changes, melanoma nevus or melanoma. It is recommended to seek medical treatment promptly to confirm the diagnosis and let the doctor evaluate whether further treatment is needed.

1. Pigmentation

Active melanocytes in the local skin of the glans may lead to pigmentation, which is often caused by hormonal changes after puberty or chronic friction stimulation. Physiological pigmentation usually does not require special treatment, but attention should be paid to whether the plaque increases or changes in shape. Avoid excessive cleaning or the use of irritating products on a daily basis, and wear loose cotton underwear to reduce friction.

2. Changes after trauma

Traumatic injuries such as impact and squeezing to the glans may lead to hemosiderin deposition after subcutaneous bleeding, manifesting as blue-black plaques. This condition is often accompanied by a history of trauma, and the plaques will gradually fade over time. If it is accompanied by pain or ulcers and needs to be ruled out for infection, you can use erythromycin ointment or mupirocin ointment as directed by your doctor to prevent infection.

3. Post-inflammatory pigment changes

Balanitis may cause localized post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation after healing, often associated with recurrent Candida or bacterial infections. Most patients have previous symptoms such as itching and scaling. The pigment may slowly subside after treating the primary disease. In the acute stage, clotrimazole cream or triamcinolone acetonide and econazole cream can be used as directed by your doctor to control inflammation.

4. Melanoma nevus

Benign melanocytic nevus may develop on the glans area, appearing as dark brown patches with clear borders and uniform color. If the mole suddenly enlarges, is uneven in color, or ulcerates, you need to be alert to the possibility of malignant transformation. The diagnosis requires dermatoscopy or pathological examination. If necessary, surgical removal can be performed. Informal treatment methods such as laser or mole spotting are prohibited.

5. Melanoma

A rare but highly vigilant malignant skin tumor that may appear as irregularly shaped, dark patches of varying shades that may be accompanied by bleeding or itching. Diagnosis requires pathological biopsy, and early detection can be treated with extended resection. High-risk groups should conduct regular skin self-examinations to avoid excessive exposure to ultraviolet rays.

Daily care should be taken to keep the perineum clean and dry, and avoid using strong alkaline lotions. Choose cotton underwear with good breathability to avoid prolonged sitting and local compression. If you notice changes in the shape of dark spots, increase in size, or are accompanied by symptoms such as ulcer bleeding, you must immediately seek medical attention from a dermatology or urology department. It is prohibited to self-medicate or use folk remedies to avoid delaying the condition or causing secondary harm.