What are the stages of cervical cancer?

Cervical cancer staging is mainly divided into stages I, II, III and IV. According to the FIGO standards of the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics, the staging basis includes tumor size, depth of invasion and whether it has metastasized.

Stage I cervical cancer means the tumor is limited to the cervix and does not extend beyond the uterus. Stage IA is diagnosed microscopically, with tumor invasion depth less than 5 mm and width less than 7 mm ； Stage IB tumors are visible to the naked eye or have deeper infiltration, but have not invaded the parametrial tissue. Stage II tumors have extended beyond the cervix but have not reached the pelvic wall or lower vaginal segment. Stage IIA tumors have invaded the upper 2/3 of the vagina but have not affected the parametrium. Stage IIB tumors have parametrial infiltration. Stage III tumors extend to the pelvic wall or lower vagina, which may cause hydronephrosis. Stage IIIA tumors invade the lower 1/3 of the vagina. Stage IIIB tumors spread to the pelvic wall or cause abnormal renal function. Stage IV indicates that the tumor invades the bladder, rectum or distant metastasis, stage IVA involves nearby organs, and stage IVB indicates distant metastasis to the lungs, liver, etc.

Patients need to maintain regular follow-up visits and review every 3-6 months after treatment. If there is no recurrence within 5 years, the interval can be gradually extended. Pay attention to a balanced diet every day, supplement high-quality protein such as fish and beans, and engage in appropriate low-intensity exercise such as walking and yoga. Avoid smoking and high-risk sexual behaviors, and getting the HPV vaccine can reduce the risk of recurrence. If abnormal vaginal bleeding or pain occurs, you should seek medical advice promptly.