What are the treatments for prostatic hyperplasia?

Prostatic hyperplasia can be intervened through drug treatment, physical therapy, surgical treatment and other methods. Prostatic hyperplasia may be related to factors such as age, hormone imbalance, chronic inflammatory stimulation and other factors. It usually presents with symptoms such as frequent urination, urgency, and difficulty in urination.

1. Drug treatment

Alpha-receptor blockers such as tamsulosin hydrochloride sustained-release capsules and doxazosin mesylate tablets are commonly used in clinical practice to relax urethral smooth muscles and improve dysuria.； 5α reductase inhibitors such as finasteride tablets and dutasteride soft capsules can reduce prostate size. Plant preparations such as Puxitai tablets also have a certain relief effect, and they need to be taken strictly according to the doctor's instructions for a long time.

2. Physical therapy

Transurethral microwave thermotherapy promotes tissue atrophy through local heating and is suitable for patients with mild to moderate symptoms. Prostatic stent implantation can temporarily relieve obstruction, but migration or infection may occur. Laser vaporization is less invasive and can be used selectively for the elderly or those with underlying diseases.

3. Minimally invasive surgery

Transurethral resection of the prostate is a classic procedure that can effectively remove hyperplastic tissue. However, transient hematuria may occur after surgery. Bipolar plasma resection is more effective at stopping bleeding and has a lower risk of water intoxication. Green laser prostate vaporization has less bleeding and faster recovery, but requires higher equipment.

4. Open surgery

Retropubic prostatectomy is suitable for patients with huge glands or bladder stones and requires a lower abdominal incision. A urinary catheter needs to be left in place after surgery, and there is a risk of complications such as urinary incontinence. This type of surgery is now gradually being replaced by minimally invasive techniques.

5. Lifestyle adjustments

Limiting the amount of water you drink at night can reduce the number of times you wake up at night, and avoid spicy foods to prevent symptoms from worsening. Lifting anus exercises enhance pelvic floor muscle strength, and warm water sitz baths promote local blood circulation. Urinating promptly prevents overfilling of the bladder, and maintaining a regular sexual life helps gland drainage.

Patients need to regularly review prostate-specific antigen and ultrasound to monitor the progress of the disease. Keep warm in winter to prevent symptoms from worsening, and avoid long-term cycling that puts pressure on the perineum. After surgery, bladder function training should be carried out as directed by the doctor to gradually restore urinary control. People with hypertension and diabetes need to actively control their underlying diseases, and some Chinese patent medicines such as Qianlieshutong capsules can be used as auxiliary treatment.