Preschool children’s safety and first aid experience

First, pre-scenario safety protection is always 100 times more important than emergency first aid operations afterwards; second, there is no universal first aid formula that applies to all situations. It must be flexibly adjusted based on the child's age, physiological characteristics, and on-site conditions. Rigid procedures are prone to problems.

I just encountered a shocking thing last week: I heard the small class teacher shouting in the art area during lunch break. I ran over and found out that 3-year-old Niu Niu had stuffed beads into her left nostril. Her whole face turned red and she couldn't speak properly. To be honest, I took the first aid certificate exam three times and learned all the foreign body treatment procedures in different scenarios by heart. But when I stood in front of my baby, my first reaction was not to remove the procedure. I touched her neck first to see that her breathing was still smooth and there was no obvious stridor. Then I dared to press her right nostril that was not filled with beads and coaxed her to blow it hard, and the beads were blown out in two strokes. When the baby was sent to the doctor later, the pediatrician said that luckily he didn't pick it out randomly. This was also a point of controversy that the teachers had argued about many times during the training: one group said that foreign objects in the nasal cavity should be picked up with tweezers as soon as possible to prevent them from slipping into the trachea; the other group said that non-professionals would easily push the foreign objects deeper. As long as the baby can still breathe normally, the blowing method should be used first. If it is not possible, send it to the doctor immediately. Don't do it blindly by yourself. Don't tell me, you can only understand things when you encounter them. Both groups are right. The core point is that you must first judge the current situation and cannot just rely on books.

Speaking of this, I think of the teaching seminar last month. We argued for a long time about "should we clear all the small parts out of the classroom?" There are several teachers in the kindergarten who are staunch "zero-risk people" who believe that anything that might plug their mouths or nostrils should not be allowed to appear. Even round-head scissors are handed out one by one in the art class and collected immediately after class. Children have to shout "slow down and don't fall" when they run and jump; there are also several young teachers who are "risk experience people" ”, saying that children are not allowed to touch dangerous things at all, but they are more curious. If they touch things behind their backs when they go home, it will cause more accidents. It is better to use 40-degree warm water for the children to touch, knowing that "it will hurt", and to put peanuts and buttons on the table and make it clear that they cannot be stuffed into the body, which can prevent accidents. I am a centrist myself, and there is really no need to argue about right and wrong: if a child aged 2-3 years old has just entered the kindergarten and has not yet passed the oral stage, and will put everything in his mouth, then he must take away all the small parts; children aged 4-6 years old already have basic cognitive abilities, and they can fully receive appropriate risk education Last time, I led a middle class class to do a "dangerous little experiment" and showed the children how peanuts would get stuck in the model trachea. After that, several children saw other children putting beads in their mouths, and they would come over and sue the teacher. The effect was much more effective than saying "can't eat" a hundred times.

Many parents come to me asking for a first aid list. I usually ask first: Have you installed anti-collision strips on the corners of your tables? Is the kettle placed out of reach of children? To be honest, I have seen too many parents who know first aid knowledge by heart and then turn around and let their children run away with chopsticks. There used to be a middle class student, Haohao, who was running around with ribs in his mouth when he was eating. He fell and the bone got stuck in his throat. His mother remembered Heimlich's movements, but forgot that the position of exerting force was different between those under 1 year old and those over 1 year old. It took a long time to press the button and it didn't come out. The health doctor in our garden came and adjusted the posture before spitting out the bone. When he was sent to the doctor, the doctor said that if he was delayed for two minutes, he might suffocate. Also, last time a baby fell on his head, but the grandma didn’t take it seriously after seeing that the skin was not broken. As a result, the baby started vomiting and drowsiness at night. He was sent to the doctor to find out that he had a slight concussion. The doctor said that if he had been sent to the hospital for observation immediately after the fall, he would not have suffered this problem at all. You see, many people always think that first aid requires a lot of advanced operations. In fact, most of the time, first aid for preschool children is not about technique, but about carefulness: if a foreign object is stuck, don’t pat the back blindly, don’t pick it with your hands, and check if you can breathe first; don’t rub your head if you drop it, and observe whether there is vomiting or lack of energy even if the skin is not broken; if you are burned, shower with cold water for 15 minutes first, and don’t apply toothpaste, soy sauce or other messy things. These common sense are more effective than anything else.

When I teach new teachers now, I never ask them to memorize the first aid procedures in the first class. I first take them through the entire classroom three times: are the sockets sealed, are the cabinet corners protruding, is the cabinet holding the disinfectant water locked, and count the beads in the art area, and count them again after class. There is an old saying in our industry that "the safety of preschool children depends three-thirds on first aid and seventy-nine on prediction." It is true. If you block the risks in advance, it will be much more effective than panicking for first aid when something goes wrong.

Of course, this does not mean that first aid knowledge is not important. You still need to take the certification test, but don't be too superstitious about the "universal process." After all, we are guarding a group of little ones who can't even explain pain. They won't get sick or injured according to the conditions in the textbook. Being flexible and careful is better than anything else. I always carry two things in my pocket: one is a small card that records all the allergies and special medical history of my children, and the other is a mini first aid whistle. If something goes wrong, blowing the whistle to call someone is more reliable than trying to deal with it yourself. To put it bluntly, if you have been in this business for a long time, you will know that the best first aid is always "don't let the danger happen."