What does ovarian vesicle mean?

Ovarian vesicles usually refer to fluid-filled cystic structures in the ovary. They may be physiological follicles or pathological cysts, and their nature needs to be determined through ultrasound examination.

1. Physiological follicles

It is normal for follicles to develop during the menstrual cycle. Women of childbearing age will have 1-2 dominant follicles mature and discharge every month, with a diameter of up to 18-25 mm. Ultrasound shows a round anechoic area. After ovulation, the vesicle transforms into the corpus luteum, which may be accompanied by a slight feeling of distension in the lower abdomen. No special treatment is required.

2.Corpus luteum cyst

After ovulation, the corpus luteum continues to enlarge and form a cyst, usually less than 5 cm in diameter. May be related to chorionic gonadotropin stimulation, usually manifesting as prolonged menstrual cycle or vaginal spotting. Most of them are absorbed by themselves within 2-3 menstrual cycles. If you experience severe abdominal pain, you need to be alert to the rupture of the corpus luteum.

3. Follicular cyst

Unruptured follicles continue to enlarge and form, often 3-8 cm in diameter. It may be related to endocrine disorders. Ultrasound shows that the cyst wall is thin and smooth. Symptoms of menstrual disorders may occur. For example, taking dydrogesterone tablets, progesterone capsules and other drugs as directed by your doctor can regulate the cycle.

4. Endometriosis cyst

Chocolate cysts are caused by endometriosis traveling to the ovaries. There is old blood in the cyst, and the ultrasound characteristics are fine light spots in the cyst. It is often accompanied by progressive dysmenorrhea and infertility. After diagnosis, you can use ethinyl estradiol cyproterone tablets, mifepristone tablets and other drugs or laparoscopic surgery as directed by your doctor.

5. Serous cystadenoma

Common benign ovarian tumors are mostly unilocular thin-walled cysts. It may be related to BRCA gene mutation. Ultrasound shows no echo in the cyst with papillary protrusions. There are no obvious symptoms in the early stage, but after enlargement, it may cause a sense of pressure and requires surgical resection and pathological examination.

After ovarian cysts are discovered, ultrasound should be reviewed regularly to observe changes, and strenuous exercise should be avoided to prevent the cyst from torsion or rupture. Maintain a regular daily routine and consume appropriate amounts of phytoestrogen foods such as soy products. If acute abdominal pain, abnormal vaginal bleeding, or the cyst continues to grow, you need to seek medical attention promptly to investigate the possibility of malignancy.