Several abnormal menstrual periods in a woman's life

　　healthy In women of childbearing age, the ovaries undergo cyclic changes, with follicles constantly developing, maturing, and being discharged, accompanied by changes in sex hormone secretion. regulated by sex hormones Uterus The endometrium also undergoes cyclic changes of proliferation, shedding and repair. When the lining of the uterus sheds and bleeds out of the vagina, it is called menstruation. Generally, menstruation occurs once every 28 to 30 days, with a blood loss of about 50 ml, which lasts for 3 to 7 days. Regular menstruation is a necessary condition for fertility, indicating that the reproductive system is functioning normally. female An important sign of good health.

　　menopause

　　After women experience the period of vigorous fertility in young adulthood, their ovarian function begins to naturally decline and the secretion of sex hormones decreases. Up to a certain limit, the endometrium no longer sheds periodically and bleeds, and there is no menstruation. The last menstrual period is called menopause. The average age of menopause among Chinese women is 49. 5 years old, 80% of people are between 44 and 54 years old. Before menopause, there is often a transition period. At this time, menstruation is irregular, accompanied by some physical and psychological changes, such as headache, low-grade fever, eyelid edema, breast distended pain , back pain, thirst, oral mucosal ulcers, and emotional instability (shown as irritability, stubbornness, or depression), which is called "premenstrual syndrome."

　　In addition to adjusting your own mental state, you can appropriately supplement estrogen for treatment under the guidance of a doctor. Traditional Chinese medicine believes that this disease is related to kidney essence depletion, yin and yang imbalance, and disharmony of qi and blood. Maihu Dihuang Decoction can be tried. In order to avoid the psychological and physiological changes during this transitional period, women in some Western countries also use artificial methods to stop menstruation, which is called artificial menopause. Theoretically, menopausal surgery will cause harm to women's bodies. Therefore, there is a lot of debate among experts and they should be cautious and should not be promoted.

　　menarche

　　The human reproductive system remains in a "dormant" state for a long time after birth. As the girl grows and develops, menstruation begins when a girl is around thirteen or fourteen years old. The first menstrual period is medically called "menarche." “Menarche is an important sign of female puberty. Some girls may have irregular menstrual cycles for some time after menarche. The main reason is that the menstrual cycle regulation function is not stable enough and is easily affected by internal and external factors, such as physical, emotional and environmental changes. Pay attention to psychological counseling and health care.

　　stimulate menstruation

　　After pregnancy, the ovaries stop ovulating and menstruation will no longer occur. However, a very small number of women still have a small amount of vaginal bleeding like menstruation in early pregnancy, which is called "menstruation". Traditional medicine believes that this phenomenon is caused by excessive Qi and blood. Modern medical research believes that this is related to the level of hormones in the body. In the early stages of pregnancy, the progesterone level in a woman's body is low, and the formation of uterine decidua is incomplete, resulting in bleeding, which is mistaken for "menstruation." This phenomenon does not exceed 4 months after pregnancy and is harmful to the mother and fetus No adverse effects.

　　dark sutra

　　Some women of childbearing age have cyclic changes in the ovaries and endometrium, but no menstrual blood flows out. This situation is called "dark menstruation". Dark meridians do not affect fertility. This situation is extremely rare and often Hospital A thorough examination by a specialist can only confirm this.

　　amenorrhea

　　Those who are over 18 years old and have not yet menstruated are called primary amenorrhea; except for pregnancy, breastfeeding and menopause, those who have had menstruation and then stopped, and those who have been menstruating for more than 3 months are called secondary amenorrhea. Systemic disease , environmental changes, and mental stimulation can affect ovarian function and cause amenorrhea. Certain reproductive organ lesions or developmental abnormalities can also cause amenorrhea. Amenorrhea should be checked as early as possible to find out the cause and treat it in time. Delaying time affects the treatment effect and may affect fertility. For adolescent amenorrhea, we must first pay attention to menstrual hygiene, keep warm, reasonably arrange study and life, eliminate stress factors, improve nutritional status, and especially stop inappropriate weight loss. Treatment measures such as menstruation, endocrine regulation, and ovulation promotion can be used. If it doesn't work, drugs can be used to restore the artificial cycle.

　　Menstruation

　　Some women will have hemoptysis in the mouth, nose bleeding, or even external auditory canal bleeding, conjunctival bleeding, or blood in the stool whenever they menstruate. This is called "compensated menstruation" in medicine, commonly known as "abnormal menstruation". The reasons are not all the same. For example, nasal bleeding is caused by the capillary network in the front and lower part of the nasal septum, which is particularly rich, superficial and fragile and prone to bleeding. The nasal mucosa of some people is very sensitive to changes in ovarian estrogen levels, and is stimulated by it to cause congestion and swelling. Even like the endometrium, bleeding occurs when estrogen levels suddenly drop.

　　There are also "abnormal menstruation" due to trauma, or during dilation and curettage, caesarean section, hysterectomy, the endometrium shifts to parts other than the uterus such as the lungs, pleura, digestive tract, and subcutaneous tissue. It is regulated by estrogen like the original endometrium, causing proliferation and shedding. Medically, it is called "endometrial displacement syndrome." When menstruation begins, blood in sputum or hemoptysis, periodic hematuria, hematemesis, blood in the stool and subcutaneous bleeding will occur. Bleeding will stop after menopause. If "abnormal menstruation" occurs, you should go to the hospital for treatment in time.

　　Dysmenorrhea

　　Medically called primary dysmenorrhea. Most of them occur within 1 to 2 years after menarche. The pain first appears 12 hours before menstruation, and is painful on the first day of menstruation, which lasts for 2 to 3 days and is relieved. The degree of pain varies, mainly in the lower abdomen, and can radiate to the lumbosacral area and inner thighs, sometimes accompanied by nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, dizziness, fatigue, etc. There were no organic lesions on physical examination and instrumental examination. Oral analgesics and birth control pills can be used, and psychological treatment is also important.