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Testicular pain may be related to testicular torsion, epididymitis, orchitis, varicocele, trauma and other factors, and requires targeted treatment according to the cause.

1. Testicular torsion

Testicular torsion is usually caused by a rotation of the spermatic cord that blocks blood flow and presents with sudden, severe pain and swelling of the testicle. This situation is an emergency and requires immediate medical reduction or surgical fixation. Delayed treatment may lead to testicular necrosis.

2. Epididymitis

Epididymitis is mostly caused by bacterial infection and is often accompanied by symptoms of frequent urination, urgency and fever. Most of the pathogenic bacteria are Escherichia coli or sexually transmitted pathogens, which require antibiotic treatment such as levofloxacin tablets and cefixime dispersible tablets, as well as bed rest and scrotal support.

3. Orchitis

Orchitis is common after mumps virus infection and manifests as testicular swelling and pain and fever. In the acute stage, ibuprofen sustained-release capsules are needed to relieve symptoms and cooperate with antiviral treatment. Orchitis may affect fertility function, so it is recommended to seek medical treatment as soon as possible.

4. Varicocele

Varicocele causes scrotal swelling due to poor venous return, which worsens after standing for a long time. Mild cases can be relieved by wearing tight underwear, while severe cases require high spermatic vein ligation. The disease may affect sperm quality and regular semen testing is recommended.

5. Trauma

Testicular trauma may be caused by impact or sports injuries and is accompanied by bruising and swelling. For minor injuries, you can apply cold compresses and take celecoxib capsules to relieve pain. Severe hematomas require surgical drainage. If pain persists after trauma, testicular rupture must be ruled out.

When testicular pain occurs, strenuous exercise should be avoided and loose cotton underwear should be worn to reduce friction. It is recommended to record the pain characteristics, duration and accompanying symptoms, and inform the doctor in detail when seeing a doctor. Pay attention to the cleanliness of the perineum every day and avoid riding bicycles or sitting for long periods of time. If the pain is accompanied by vomiting, high fever or difficulty urinating, emergency treatment is required immediately. During the recovery period, sexual intercourse is prohibited, and regular ultrasound examinations are performed to evaluate the recovery.